No Primogeniture
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David, seeking seclusion in old age, was unaware that another revolt was brewing in his household. “The one who now aspired to the throne was Adonijah, ‘a very goodly man’ in person and bearing, but unprincipled and reckless. In his youth he had been subjected to but little restraint. . . . He now rebelled against the authority of God, who had appointed Solomon to the throne. Both by natural endowments and religious character Solomon was better qualified than his elder brother to become ruler of Israel; yet although the choice of God had been clearly indicated, Adonijah did not fail to find sympathizers. Joab, though guilty of many crimes, had heretofore been loyal to the throne; but he now joined the conspiracy against Solomon, as did also Abiathar the priest.” With Joab’s and Abiathar’s support, Adonijah believed he could win over both the army and the priesthood.
“Abiathar was the son of Ahimelech, who suffered death in David’s cause. Abiathar had been one of David’s firmest friends. . . . The reason for his defection at this time is not clear, but it might be that he did not view Adonijah’s conduct as an actual rebellion. David’s designation of Solomon for the throne might have been looked upon as springing from excessive fondness, and the assumption of the crown by the eldest son might have seemed only right and justifiable. On his part, Joab may have given support to Adonijah because of a grudge against the king for demoting him (2 Sam. 19:13).” Adonijah publicly announced his ascension at En-rogel. Only conspirators were invited. Nathan, the prophet; Zadok, the priest; Benaiah, the captain of David’s bodyguards; and Solomon, Adonijah’s brother and contender were not on the list of invitees. As David’s bodyguards did not answer to Joab, they were also not in attendance.
“Many a life has been ruined by an excess of paternal affection.”
